-Tích hợp các kỹ thuật tiên tiến và học máy để xử lý nước rỉ rác thải: Giải quyết các hạn chế và mối quan ngại về môi trường.

-Tác động bất đối xứng của chuỗi giá trị toàn cầu đối với chất lượng môi trường: Hàm ý đối với quản lý môi trường.

-Đánh giá rủi ro môi trường và sức khỏe con người: Thông tin chi tiết từ quá trình chuyển hóa và phân hủy đối quang của fenpropidin.

-Sự tham gia trong thời đại kỹ thuật số: Hiểu "những gì hiệu quả” đối với các công nghệ tham gia vào quá trình ra quyết định về môi trường.

-Hồi sinh nông thôn: Điều hướng kỹ thuật và công nghệ môi trường.

-Thúc đẩy quản lý nước thải bền vững: Đánh giá toàn diện về các sản phẩm thu hồi chất dinh dưỡng và ứng dụng của chúng.

-Phục hồi sinh thái để giảm thiểu phú dưỡng ở các vùng nước đô thị liên kết với nhau: Đánh giá, biến đổi và chiến lược.

-Bảo tồn đa dạng sinh học trong bối cảnh biến đổi khí hậu: Đối mặt với những thách thức và chiến lược quản lý.

-Tác động của tài chính toàn diện kỹ thuật số đối với việc giảm thiểu ô nhiễm và phát thải carbon: phân tích lan tỏa không gian và cơ chế.

- Các bang đỏ so với các bang xanh: Bất bình đẳng trong lượng khí thải CO2 liên quan đến năng lượng ở Hoa Kỳ (1997–2021).

- Mối quan hệ giữa nồng độ polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) trên lá và các đặc điểm của cây: Sự biến đổi trong tán lá đối với một loài lá rộng trong môi trường đô thị.

- Tái chế e-waste không chính thức ở chín thành phố của Pakistan cho thấy tác động đáng kể đến chất lượng không khí và đất địa phương cũng như các rủi ro sức khỏe liên quan.

- Nguồn gốc của các chất per- và polyfluoroalkyl trong một lưu vực khô cằn, đô thị, chủ yếu là nước thải.

- Ổn định và hóa rắn hiệu quả cao tro bay đốt chất thải rắn đô thị bằng sức mạnh tổng hợp của xử lý kiềm và xi măng siêu sunfat.

- Cải thiện độ chính xác chiều cao LiDAR trong môi trường đô thị: Nguyên mẫu đo khoảng cách GNSS chi phí thấp để nâng cao khả năng quét laser trên không sau nhiệm vụ.

- Quản lý năng lượng đa thời gian quy mô ba cấp dựa trên học tăng cường sâu đa tác nhân của mạng lưới đường sắt đô thị với hệ thống lưu trữ năng lượng lai phanh tái tạo quang điện phân tán.

- Đánh giá độc tính di truyền của ô nhiễm không khí ở khu vực thành thị bằng mô hình tích hợp giám sát sinh học thụ động.

- Bang nào sạch nhất trong tất cả? Định giá sự không đồng nhất trong dài hạn về chi phí giảm thiểu carbon trên khắp nước Mỹ.

- Loại bỏ siêu nhanh Cr(VI) và thuốc nhuộm hữu cơ trong nước thải dệt may thông qua quá trình oxi hóa khử do sunfit gây ra.

- Một biện pháp hiệu quả để kiểm soát ô nhiễm trong ngành nhuộm: Nghiên cứu thực nghiệm và DFT về xác định trực tiếp 3-(N,N-diethylamino)acetanilide.

- Chiến lược bền vững mới để phục hồi các khu vực khai thác phốt phát bằng cách sử dụng các sản phẩm phụ và bùn thải của ngành phốt phát tích hợp cây Argan, Carob và Olive.

- Tính chất cơ học và đặc tính hấp thụ sóng điện từ của vật liệu xi măng cacbon thấp từ chất thải rắn.

- Thử nghiệm thí điểm về xử lý nước thải có chứa florua axit trong ngành quang điện thông qua kết tinh cảm ứng với trọng tâm là thu hồi canxi florua.

- Một khuôn khổ mới để tích hợp chi phí môi trường và định giá carbon trong kế hoạch khai thác mỏ lộ thiên: Hướng tới khai thác mỏ bền vững và xanh.

- Hướng tới các hướng dẫn phù hợp cho chất lượng không khí vi sinh vật trong ngành công nghiệp thực phẩm.

- Mô hình tối ưu hóa dựa trên QFD để giảm thiểu các thách thức áp dụng quản lý chuỗi cung ứng bền vững cho các ngành công nghiệp RMG của Bangladesh.

- Sự kết tụ của ngành công nghiệp công nghệ cao và phát triển xanh khu vực: Phân tích mô hình không gian Durbin.

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT / QUẢN LÝ MÔI TRƯỜNG

 

Environmental Pollution, Volume 354, 1 August 2024, 124134 

Abstract

This review article explores the challenges associated with landfill leachate resulting from the increasing disposal of municipal solid waste in landfills and open areas. The composition of landfill leachate includes antibiotics (0.001–100 μg), heavy metals (0.001–1.4 g/L), dissolved organic and inorganic components, and xenobiotics including polyaromatic hydrocarbons (10–25 μg/L). Conventional treatment methods, such as biological (microbial and phytoremediation) and physicochemical (electrochemical and membrane-based) techniques, are available but face limitations in terms of cost, accuracy, and environmental risks. To surmount these challenges, this study advocates for the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) to strengthen treatment efficacy through predictive analytics and optimized operational parameters. It critically evaluates the risks posed by recalcitrant leachate components and appraises the performance of various treatment modalities, both independently and in tandem with biological and physicochemical processes. Notably, physicochemical treatments have demonstrated pollutant removal rates of up to 90% for various contaminants, while integrated biological approaches have achieved over 95% removal efficiency. However, the heterogeneous nature of solid waste composition further complicates treatment methodologies. Consequently, the integration of advanced ML algorithms such as Support Vector Regression, Artificial Neural Networks, and Genetic Algorithms is proposed to refine leachate treatment processes. This review provides valuable insights for different stakeholders specifically researchers, policymakers and practitioners, seeking to fortify waste disposal infrastructure and foster sustainable landfill leachate management practices. By leveraging AI and ML tools in conjunction with a nuanced understanding of leachate complexities, a promising pathway emerges towards effectively addressing this environmental challenge while mitigating potential adverse impacts.

Journal of Environmental Management, Volume 365, August 2024, 121470 

Abstract 

This study examines the dynamic relationship between global value chain integration, and carbon emissions, in 57 developing economies from 2000 to 2018. Our results show a multipart link between GVC involvement and carbon emissions. Specifically, forward participation, which involves domestic content in foreign exports, offers the potential to reduce emissions, whereas backward participation, defined by foreign content in domestic exports, typically increases emissions. This imbalance draws attention to the dual nature of using mineral resources, which can contribute to and mitigate environmental damage depending on the extent of GVC engagement. The NARDL model employed in the study also reveals the dynamic and nonlinear responses of carbon emissions to variations in the utilization of mineral resources within GVCs. Our findings show that positive shocks to mineral resources use within GVCs negatively influence carbon emissions, while adverse shocks have less impact. The results have significant policy implications, indicating that developing nations should prioritize environmental sustainability while planning their GVC participation. This entails promoting value-added mining resource use initiatives and pushing for strict environmental regulations in GVCs. Our results also highlight the significance of implementing customized measures to mitigate economic activity's asymmetric and nonlinear impacts on environmental quality. It enlightens policymakers in developing nations on balancing environmental conservation and economic growth in a global economy that is becoming more interconnected.

Environmental Pollution, Volume 355, 15 August 2024, 124214 

Abstract 

Fenpropidin (FPD), a widely employed chiral fungicide, is frequently detected in diverse environments. In an in vitro rat liver microsomes cultivation (RLMs), the metabolism exhibited the order of R-FPD > S-FPD, with respective half-lives of 10.42 ± 0.11 and 12.06 ± 0.15 min, aligning with kinetic analysis results. CYP3A2 has been demonstrated to be the most significant oxidative enzyme through CYP450 enzyme inhibition experiments. Molecular dynamics simulations unveiled the enantioselective metabolic mechanism, demonstrating that R-FPD forms hydrogen bonds with the CYP3A2 protein, resulting in a higher binding affinity (−6.58 kcal mol−1) than S-FPD. Seven new metabolites were identified by Liquid chromatography time-of-flight high-resolution mass spectrometry, which were mainly generated through oxidation, reduction, hydroxylation, and N-dealkylation reactions. The toxicity of the major metabolites predicted by the TEST procedure was found to be stronger than the predicted toxicity of FPD. Moreover, the enantioselective fate of FPD was studied by examining its degradation in three soils with varying physical and chemical properties under aerobic, anaerobic, and sterile conditions. Enantioselective degradation of FPD occurred in soils without enantiomeric transformation, displaying a preference for R-FPD degradation. R-FPD is a low-risk stereoisomer both in the environment and in mammals. The research presented a systematic and comprehensive method for analyzing the metabolic and degradation system of FPD enantiomers. This approach aids in understanding the behavior of FPD in the environment and provides valuable insights into their potential risks to human health.

Journal of Environmental Management, Volume 365, August 2024, 121365 

Abstract 

Effective engagement is crucial for enhancing environmental decision-making processes, fostering more sustainable and equitable outcomes. However, the success of engagement is highly variable and context-dependent. While theoretical frameworks have been developed to explain outcome variance in engagement in environmental decision-making, they have not yet been tested in digital contexts, leaving their applicability to digital engagement processes unclear. More broadly, there are unanswered questions about the effectiveness of digital tools in achieving the goals of engagement, which have become increasingly pertinent amidst growing concerns about the potential of digital technologies for exacerbating exclusions, ethical issues, and systematically undermining democratic progress. This paper addresses this evidence gap by presenting findings from interviews with practitioners in UK public, private, and third sector organisations. Our results provide empirical insights into the technical, ethical, and inclusivity debates surrounding digital tools and their effectiveness in promoting accessible engagement, high-quality social interaction, place-based decision-making, and more trustworthy and credible outcomes. Our findings indicate that while current engagement theories are applicable to digital environments, the key explanatory factors acquire new dimensions in digital compared to in-person contexts. Drawing on the findings, this study contributes novel insights to expand current theory for explaining "what works” in engagement in environmental decisions, enhancing its relevance and applicability in the digital age. The paper concludes with evidence-led recommendations for environmental practitioners to improve engagement processes in digital and remote settings.

Environmental Research, Volume 254, 1 August 2024, 119164 

Abstract 

The necessity for global engineering and technological solutions to address rural environmental challenges is paramount, particularly in improving rural waste treatment and infrastructure. This study presents a comprehensive quantitative analysis of 3901 SCI/SSCI and 3818 Chinese CSCD papers, spanning from 1989 to 2021, using tools like Derwent Data Analyzer and VOSviewer. Our key findings reveal a significant evolution in research focus, including a 716.67% increase in global publications from 1995 to 2008 and a 154.76% surge from 2015 to 2021, highlighting a growing research interest with technological hotspots in rural revitalization engineering and agricultural waste recycling. China and the USA are pivotal, contributing 784 and 714 publications respectively. Prominent institutions such as the Chinese Academy of Sciences play a crucial role, particularly in fecal waste treatment technology. These insights advocate for enhanced policy development and practical implementations to foster inclusive and sustainable rural environments globally.

Journal of Environmental Management, Volume 365, August 2024, 121493 

Abstract 

Frequently occurring extreme weather events can pose a challenge to people and production systems. Coping with extreme high temperatures requires promoting the synergy between pollution reduction and carbon reduction. Accordingly, this study examines the causal relationship between extreme high temperatures and corporate pollution emissions by using the panel data of a Chinese sample from 2000 to 2014. This study uses fixed-effects models for the analysis. Baseline results show that a unit increase in the standardized temperature will result in a 4.6% reduction in corporate pollutant emissions. The heterogeneous analysis shows that extreme high temperatures will have an obvious effect on enterprises with low financing constraints and high policy and public constraints as well as on enterprises in cities with a high level of economic development, in innovative cities, and in the eastern region. We also explore the mechanism through which extreme high temperatures reduce pollutant emissions from the two dimensions of external environmental pressure and internal environmental governance. Extreme high temperatures will prompt enterprises to improve their energy efficiency, engage in innovative production processes, adopt source-and-end governance measures, and curb their pollutant emissions while strengthening government environmental supervision. This study provides new ideas for enterprise pollution reduction and serves as an inspiration to the government in formulating environmental policies.

Science of The Total Environment, Volume 937, 10 August 2024, 173446

Abstract

Wastewater serves as a vital resource for sustainable fertilizer production, particularly in the recovery of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P). This comprehensive study explores the recovery chain, from technology to final product reuse. Biomass growth is the most cost-effective method, valorizing up to 95 % of nutrients, although facing safety concerns. Various techniques enable the recovery of 100 % P and up to 99 % N, but challenges arise during the final product crystallization due to the high solubility of ammonium salts. Among these techniques, chemical precipitation and ammonia stripping/ absorption have achieved full commercialization, with estimated recovery costs of 6.0–10.0 EUR kgP-1 and 4.4-4.8 £ kgN-1, respectively. Multiple technologies integrating biomass thermo-chemical processing and P and/or N have also reached technology readiness level TRL = 9. However, due to maturing regulatory of waste-derived products, not all of their products are commercially available. The non-homogenous nature of wastewater introduces impurities into nutrient recovery products. While calcium and iron impurities may impact product bioavailability, some full-scale P recovery technologies deliver products containing this admixture. Recovered mineral nutrient forms have shown up to 60 % higher yield biomass growth compared to synthetic fertilizers. Life cycle assessment studies confirm the positive environmental outcomes of nutrient recycling from wastewater to agricultural applications. Integration of novel technologies may increase wastewater treatment costs by a few percent, but this can be offset through renewable energy utilization and the sale of recovered products. Moreover, simultaneous nutrient recovery and energy production via bio-electrochemical processes contributes to carbon neutrality achieving. Interdisciplinary cooperation is essential to offset both energy and chemicals inputs, increase their cos-efficiency and optimize technologies and understand the nutrient release patterns of wastewater-derived products on various crops. Addressing non-technological factors, such as legal and financial support, infrastructure redesign, and market-readiness, is crucial for successfully implementation and securing the global food production.

Journal of Environmental Management, Volume 365, August 2024, 121475

Abstract

Many urban water bodies grapple with low flow flux and weak hydrodynamics. To address these issues, projects have been implemented to form integrated urban water bodies via interconnecting artificial lake or ponds with rivers, but causing pollution accumulation downstream and eutrophication. Despite it is crucial to assess eutrophication, research on this topic in urban interconnected water bodies is limited, particularly regarding variability and feasible strategies for remediation. This study focused on the Loucun river in Shenzhen, comprising an pond, river and artificial lake, evaluating water quality changes pre-(post-)ecological remediation and establishing a new method for evaluating the water quality index (WQI). The underwater forest project, involving basement improvement, vegetation restoration, and aquatic augmentation, in the artificial lake significantly reduced total nitrogen (by 43.58%), total phosphorus (by 79.17%) and algae density (by 36.90%) compared to pre-remediation, effectively controlling algal bloom. Rainfall, acting as a variable factor, exacerbated downstream nutrient accumulation, increasing total phosphorus by 4.56 times and ammonia nitrogen by 1.30 times compared to the dry season, and leading to algal blooms in the non-restoration pond. The improved WQI method effectively assesses water quality status. The interconnected water body exhibits obvious nutrient accumulation in downstream regions. A combined strategy that reducing nutrient and augmenting flux was verified to alleviate accumulation of nutrients downstream. This study provides valuable insights into pollution management strategies for interconnected pond-river-lake water bodies, offering significant reference for nutrient mitigation in such urban water bodies.

Science of The Total Environment, Volume 937, 10 August 2024, 173377

Abstract

Biodiversity conservation amidst the uncertainty of climate change presents unique challenges that necessitate precise management strategies. The study reported here was aimed at refining understanding of these challenges and to propose specific, actionable management strategies. Employing a quantitative literature analysis, we meticulously examined 1268 research articles from the Web of Science database between 2005 and 2023. Through Cite Spaces and VOS viewer software, we conducted a bibliometric analysis and thematic synthesis to pinpoint emerging trends, key themes, and the geographical distribution of research efforts. Our methodology involved identifying patterns within the data, such as frequency of keywords, co-authorship networks, and citation analysis, to discern the primary focus areas within the field. This approach allowed us to distinguish between research concentration areas, specifically highlighting a predominant interest in Environmental Sciences Ecology (67.59 %) and Biodiversity Conservation (22.63 %). The identification of adaptive management practices and ecosystem services maintenance are central themes in the research from 2005 to 2023. Moreover, challenges such as understanding phenological shifts, invasive species dynamics, and anthropogenic pressures critically impact biodiversity conservation efforts. Our findings underscore the urgent need for precise, data-driven decision-making processes in the face of these challenges. Addressing the gaps identified, our study proposes targeted solutions, including the establishment of germplasm banks for at-risk species, the development of advanced genomic and microclimate models, and scenario analysis to predict and mitigate future conservation challenges. These strategies are aimed at enhancing the resilience of biodiversity against the backdrop of climate change through integrated, evidence-based approaches. By leveraging the compiled and analyzed data, this study offers a foundational framework for future research and practical action in biodiversity conservation strategies, demonstrating a path forward through detailed analysis and specified solutions.

Journal of Environmental Management, Volume 365, August 2024, 121550

Abstract

In light of the escalating global climate risks threatening human survival, there is a global consensus on the necessity for collaborative reduction of pollutant and carbon emissions (CRPC). Within this context, digital inclusive finance (DIF) is recognized for its unique inclusiveness and digital characteristics as a critical factor in promoting environmentally friendly and sustainable development. DIF provides advantageous channels for environmental governance, thereby making the achievement of CRPC objectives feasible. However, the impact of DIF on CRPC has not been fully explored. This study employs a spatial econometric model to investigate the impact of DIF on CRPC in 278 prefecture-level cities in China from 2011 to 2020. The findings indicate that DIF has a positive impact on CRPC, with significant spatial spillover effects. The analysis highlights the pivotal mediating roles played by technology effect and electrified effect of the energy mix, while environmental regulation effect plays a moderating role. Notably, disparities in the impact of DIF on CRPC are evident, particularly in non-resource-based cities, cities with low carbon intensity, and eastern regions where spatial spillover effects are more pronounced. These experiences enrich the relevant thesis in terms of DIF on CRPC, providing a theoretical basis for formulating CRPC schemes.

Science of The Total Environment, Volume 937, 10 August 2024, 173272

Abstract

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic presented the most challenging global crisis in recent times. A pandemic caused by a novel pathogen such as SARS-CoV-2 necessitated the development of innovative techniques for the monitoring and surveillance of COVID-19 infections within communities. Wastewater surveillance (WWS) is recognized as a non-invasive, cost-effective, and valuable epidemiological tool to monitor the prevalence of COVID-19 infections in communities. Seven municipal wastewater sampling sites representing distinct sewershed communities were selected for the surveillance of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in Durham Region, Ontario, Canada over 8 months from March 2021 to October 2021. Viral RNA fragments of SARS-CoV-2 and the normalization target pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV) were concentrated from wastewater influent using the PEG/NaCl superspeed centrifugation method and quantified using RT-qPCR. Strong significant correlations (Spearman's rs = 0.749 to 0.862, P < 0.001) were observed between SARS-CoV-2 gene copies/mL of wastewater and clinical cases reported in each delineated sewershed by onset date. Although raw wastewater offered higher correlation coefficients with clinical cases by onset date compared to PMMoV normalized data, only one site had a statistically significantly higher Spearman's correlation coefficient value for raw data than normalized data. Implementation of community stay-at-home orders and vaccinations over the course of the study period in 2021 were found to strongly correspond to decreasing SARS-CoV-2 wastewater trends in the wastewater treatment plants and upstream pumping stations.

Journal of Environmental Management, Volume 365, August 2024, 121560

Abstract

Digitalization, as a crucial engine for promoting sustainable development, has created new prospects for enterprise green transformation. Utilizing panel data from enterprises registered in China's resource-based cities from 2010 to 2021, this study innovatively examines the role of digitalization in promoting green transformation across two key performance dimensions. The findings indicate that enterprise digitalization significantly enhances the green innovation performance, while its impact on environmental performance, although positive, is not statistically significant. Overall, enterprise digitalization greatly facilitates green transformation. Moreover, mechanism analysis reveals that enterprise digitalization promotes green transformation through the alleviation of financial mismatch and the increase of external market attention. In addition, heterogeneity analysis shows that the effectiveness of enterprise digitalization in promoting green transformation is significantly different in different opportunist risk scenarios, proving more effective in areas with low-marketization, high-competition industries, and high environmental regulation intensity. In terms of the policy level, the National Big Data Comprehensive Pilot Zone (NBDCPZ) and the Carbon Emission Trading Policy (CETP) played a positive stimulating role in the process of enterprise digitalization affecting green transformation. This paper broadens the scope of research on green transformation, offers new development philosophy for enterprises in resource-based cities, and provides new directions for the synergistic development of digitalization and greenization.

Science of The Total Environment, Volume 937, 10 August 2024, 173141

Abstract

This paper summarizes the colonization dynamics of biofilms on microplastics (MPs) surfaces in aquatic environments, encompassing bacterial characteristics, environmental factors affecting biofilm formation, and matrix types and characteristics. The interaction between biofilm and MPs was also discussed. Through summarizing recent literatures, it was found that MPs surfaces offer numerous benefits to microorganisms, including nutrient enrichment and enhanced resistance to environmental stress. Biofilm colonization changes the surface physical and chemical properties as well as the transport behavior of MPs. At the same time, biofilms also play an important role in the fragmentation and degradation of MPs. In addition, we also investigated the coexistence level, adsorption mechanism, enrichment, and transformation of MPs by environmental pollutants mediated by biofilms. Moreover, an interesting aspect about the colonization of biofilms was discussed. Biofilm colonization not only had a great effect on the accumulation of heavy metals by MPs, but also affects the interaction between particles and environmental pollutants, thereby changing their toxic effects and increasing the difficulty of MPs treatment. Consequently, further attention and research are warranted to delve into the internal mechanisms, environmental risks, and the control of the coexistence of MPs and biofilms.

Journal of Environmental Management, Volume 365, August 2024, 121551

Abstract

Green growth is of great importance in terms of solving environmental problems and achieving sustainable development goals. However, the existing literature has not investigated how green growth affects environmental degradation and environmental sustainability variables. In light of this gap, this study aims to analyse the impact of green growth and institutional quality on CO2 emissions, ecological footprint and inverse load capacity factor in OECD countries by constructing three different models. The results of the analysis indicate that (i) green growth exerts a significant mitigating and differentiating effect on CO2, ecological footprint and inverted load capacity factor in the long run. This is evidenced by a 1% increase in green growth reducing CO2, ecological footprint and inverted load capacity factor by 0.563%, 0.373% and 0.198%, respectively. (i) The impact of green growth on CO2 and inverted load capacity factor in the long run is negative and statistically significant; (ii) the impact of green growth on CO2 and inverted load capacity factor in the short run is negative and statistically significant; (iii) the impact of institutional quality on deterioration is positive and significant in the long run; (iv) the impact of population on deterioration and sustainability is significant and mixed. The findings indicate that decision-makers in OECD countries should review green energy policies when setting the sustainable development goals, as environmental sustainability is more challenging than reducing pollution.

Science of The Total Environment, Volume 937, 10 August 2024, 173544

Abstract

Co-incineration of medical waste (MW) in municipal solid waste incinerators (MSWIs) is a crucial disposal method for emergency disposal of MW and the management of MW in small and medium-sized towns. This study aims to analyze and compare the levels and distribution patterns of chlorine/brominated dioxins and their precursors in fly ash from MSWIs and medical waste incinerators (MWIs) while also focusing on identifying the new pollution concerns that may arise from the co-incineration of municipal solid waste (MSW) mixed with MW (MSW/MW). The concentration of chlorobenzene (CBzs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) in fly ash from co-incineration of MSW/MW are 887.4, 134.4 and 27.6 μg/kg, respectively, which are 5.1, 2.0 and 2.9 times higher than that from MSWIs. The levels of polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans (PBDD/Fs) are about three orders of magnitude lower than that of PCDD/Fs. For the fly ash from MSWIs, the predominant PCDD/Fs congener is OCDD, which prefers synthesis and adsorption on fine-grained fly ash. For fly ash from MWIs, the major PCDD/Fs congeners are 1, 2, 3, 4, 6,7, 8-HpCDF, and OCDF, which prefer synthesis and adsorption on coarse-grained fly ash. Correlation analysis exhibited that both 1,2,3-TriCBz and 1,2,4-TriCBz in fly ash have a markedly linear correlation with PCDD/Fs and PCBs, but PBDD/Fs shows a poor negative correlation with PCDD/Fs.

Journal of Environmental Management, Volume 365, August 2024, 121510

Abstract

Exposure to green environments is crucial for human health. However, urbanization has reduced the contact of urban residents with natural environments, causing a mismatch between the supply and demand for green exposure. Research in this field is hindered by the lack of long-term, reliable data sources and methodologies, leading to insufficient consideration of temporal variations in green exposure. This study presented a comprehensive methodology for assessing green exposure at a fine scale utilizing satellite images for urban tree canopy identification. We conducted a case study in the core area of Beijing from 2010 to 2020 and examined the effects of urban renewal and alleviation efforts. The results revealed a slight decrease in green exposure for the elderly over the decade, with minimal changes in equity. In contrast, green exposure for children has increased, with increasing inequality. Moreover, urban renewal has improved green exposure for nearly half of the low-supply blocks. However, a significant mismatch was observed between supply and demand for blocks with increased demand but limited supply. This study enhances the assessment of green exposure and provides guidance for planning and constructing a "Green Equal City”.

URBAN ENVIRONMENT/ MÔI TRƯỜNG ĐÔ THỊ  

Journal of Cleaner Production, Volume 468, 25 August 2024, 143127 

Abstract 

The partisan divide over climate change issues in the U.S. has been increasing over time, particularly after the signing of the Kyoto protocol in 1997. This divide has posed a substantial hurdle to implementing a unified climate policy in the U.S. In this paper, I employ the Shapley value decomposition approach to measure the partisan gap in state-level per capita energy-related CO2 emissions. Despite a decrease in overall carbon emissions and stable per capita carbon inequality between states (measured by the Gini index), the inequality between the so called ‘red’ and ‘blue’ states widened over the period between 1997 and 2021. This is true regardless of whether each state is treated as a unit of analysis or assigned a weight equal to its population. Throughout the period, the divide by political party color was more pronounced than that by many other dimensions, such as income, climatic condition, and geographic location. These results also hold true when Mean Log Deviation is used as the measure of inequality. Driven primarily by disparity in transportation sector and coal use for electricity generation, the partisan gap was worse in 2021 than in 2020. While the partisan gap intensified, the carbon distribution changed from being top-concentrated to bottom-concentrated between 1997 and 2019, only to be reversed in the aftermath of the coronavirus pandemic in 2020 and subsequent economic recovery in 2021.

Science of The Total Environment, Volume 940, 25 August 2024, 173698 

Abstract 

The emission of potentially harmful compounds, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and the resulting air pollution is a serious problem in modern cities. It is therefore important to develop mitigation strategies, such as "smart” planting of trees that act as sinks for PAHs. However, the intra-individual (within-tree) variability in leaf PAH concentrations remains unknown. In this paper, we studied 15 ornamental apple trees (Malus × moerlandsii ‘Profusion’) growing on a main street in a medium-sized city in Galicia (NW Spain). We determined the PAH concentrations at 12 canopy positions in each tree (2 orientations and 2 distances from the trunk at 3 heights), measured various ecological traits (specific leaf area [SLA], δ13C, stomatal density, fatty acid contents and leaf hairiness) and analyzed the variability in traits within the canopy in relation to PAH concentrations. We observed high intra-individual variability in the PAH concentrations and the leaf traits. Statistical analyses revealed that leaf height was the main source of variability both in the PAH concentrations and in the traits, mainly due to the leaf morphology, particularly to the SLA. Therefore, the ideal vegetation to remove PAHs would be high leaf biomass trees, not too tall and with a high proportion of shade leaves.

Environmental Pollution, Volume 355, 15 August 2024, 124259 

Abstract 

The global increase in electronic waste (e-waste) has led to a rise in informal recycling, emitting hazardous heavy metals (HMs) that threaten human health and ecosystems. This study presents the first comprehensive assessment of HM levels in dry deposition and soils at proximity of forty (40) informal e-waste recycling sites across Pakistan, between September 2020 to December 2021. Findings reveal that Zn (1410), Pb (410) and Mn (231) exhibited the higher mean deposition fluxes (μg/m2.day), derived from air samples, particularly in Karachi. Similarly, soils showed higher mean concentrations (μg/g dw) of Mn (477), Cu (514) and Pb (172) in Faisalabad, Lahore, and Karachi, respectively. HMs concentrations were found higher in winter or autumn and lower in summer. In addition, HM levels were significantly (p = 0.05) higher at recycling sites compared to background sites year-round, highlighting the e-waste recycling operations as the major source of their emissions. The Igeo index indicated moderate to extremely contaminated levels of Cu, Pb, Cd, and Ni in Karachi, Lahore and Gujranwala. Ingestion was found as a leading human exposure route, followed by dermal and inhalation exposure, with Pb posing the greatest health risk. The Cumulative Incremental Lifetime Cancer Risk (ILCR) model suggested moderate to low cancer risks for workers. Strategic interventions recommend mitigating health and environmental risks, prioritizing human health and ecosystem integrity in Pakistan's e-waste management.

Science of The Total Environment, Volume 940, 25 August 2024, 173361 

Abstract 

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) enter surface waters from various sources such as wastewater treatment plants, fire-fighting sites, and PFAS-producing and PFAS-using industries. The Las Vegas Wash in Southern Nevada of the United States (U.S.) conveys wastewater effluent from the Las Vegas metropolitan area to Lake Mead, a drinking water source for millions of people in the U.S. Southwest. PFAS have previously been detected in the Las Vegas Wash, but PFAS sources were not identified. In this study, upstream wash tributaries, wastewater treatment effluents, and shallow groundwater wells were sampled in multiple campaigns during dry-weather conditions to investigate possible PFAS sources. Out of 19 PFAS, two short-chain PFAS—perfluoropentanoic acid (48 % of the total molar concentration) and perfluorohexanoic acid (32 %)—comprised the majority of PFAS loading measured in the Las Vegas Wash, followed by perfluorooctanoic acid (9 %). On a mass loading basis, the majority of total measured PFAS (approximately 90 %) and at least 48 % of each specific PFAS in the Las Vegas Wash likely entered via municipal wastewater effluents, of which the main source was likely residential wastewater. One of the drainage areas with a major civilian airport was identified as a potential source of relatively enriched perfluorosulfonic acids to a small wash tributary and shallow groundwater samples. Nonetheless, that tributary contributed at most 15 % of any specific PFAS to the mainstem of the Las Vegas Wash. Total PFAS concentrations were relatively low for the small tributary associated with an urban smaller airport and the lack of flow in the tributary channel immediately downgradient of an Air Force base indicates the smaller airport and base were unlikely significant PFAS sources to the Las Vegas Wash. Overall, this study demonstrated effective PFAS source investigation methodology and the importance of wastewater effluent as a PFAS environmental pathway.

5. High-efficient stabilization and solidification of municipal solid waste incineration fly ash by synergy of alkali treatment and supersulfated cement 

Environmental Pollution, Volume 355, 15 August 2024, 124261 

Abstract 

Municipal solid waste incineration fly ash (IFA) designated as hazardous waste poses risks to environment and human health. This study introduces a novel approach for the stabilization and solidification (S/S) of IFA: a combined approach involving alkali treatment and immobilization in low-carbon supersulfated cement (SSC). The impact of varying temperatures of alkali solution on the chemical and mineralogical compositions, as well as the pozzolanic reactivity of IFA, and the removal efficiency of heavy metals and metallic aluminum (Al) were examined. The physical characteristics, hydration kinetics and effectiveness of SSC in immobilizing IFA were also analyzed. Results showed that alkali treatment at 25 °C effectively eliminated heavy metals like manganese (Mn), barium (Ba), nickel (Ni), and chromium (Cr) to safe levels and totally removed the metallic Al, while enhancing the pozzolanic reactivity of IFA. By incorporating the alkali-treated IFA and filtrate, the density, compressive strength and hydration reaction of SSC were improved, resulting in higher hydration degree, finer pore structure, and denser microstructure compared to untreated IFA. The rich presence of calcium-aluminosilicate-hydrate (C-(A)-S-H) and ettringite (AFt) in SSC facilitated the efficient stabilization and solidification of heavy metals, leading to a significant decrease in their leaching potential. The use of SSC for treating Ca(OH)2- and 25°C-treated IFA could achieve high strength and high-efficient immobilization.

Society and Environment, Volume 35, August 2024, 101251

Abstract

Although Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) technology is currently one of the most efficient methods for acquiring high-density point cloud, there are still challenges in terms of data reliability. In particular, the accuracy assessment of LiDAR data, especially in the height component, is one of the main issues in this context. This study introduces a rapid and cost-effective platform to improve the accuracy and precision of LiDAR data by integrating high-density GNSS-Ranging measurements with LiDAR data. The platform offers the capability to rapidly collect a significant number of network real time kinematic (NRTK) points with centimetric precision. A continuous correction surface is proposed to integrate the platform and LiDAR data, resulting in improved accuracy for all ground-class LiDAR data. Evaluation using GNSS benchmarks and NRTK checkpoints showed a significant reduction in LiDAR height errors after applying the correction surface. The root mean squares error (RMSE) decreased from 18.5 cm to 8.2 cm when compared to GNSS benchmarks and from 17.4 cm to 5.3 cm for approximately 1000 NRTK control points. The results indicate that collecting a large number of high-density GNSS ground targets and applying a correction surface to LiDAR height data significantly enhance the accuracy and precision of the LiDAR extracted products.

Journal of Cleaner Production, Volume 466, 10 August 2024, 142842 

Abstract 

The integration of photovoltaics (PVs), regenerative braking (RB) techniques, and energy storage devices has become crucial to promote energy conservation and emission reduction for a sustainable future of urban rail traction networks (URTNs). This paper proposes a tri-level multi-time scale energy management framework for the economic and low-carbon operation of URTNs with PV–RB hybrid energy storage systems (HESSs) based on multi-agent deep reinforcement learning (MADRL). A two-stage stochastic scheduling approach is developed to minimize daily operation and carbon trading costs at the upper level and correct day-ahead scheduling deviations against multi-source uncertainties at the middle level. A MADRL-based real-time energy management strategy is established to optimize the PV–RB power flow and promote its utilization by coordinating distributed HESSs at the lower level. The HESS control problem is formulated as a decentralized partially observable Markov decision process and solved by a multi-agent control algorithm based on monotonic value function factorization. A Copula-based spatio-temporal dependency model is devised to characterize the PV, passenger flow, and traction load uncertainties and generate daily URTN operation scenarios for enhancing day-ahead and intraday decisions. Comparative studies demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework in terms of a cost reduction by 11.98% and a PV–RB energy utilization improvement by 13.94%.

Environmental Pollution, Volume 355, 15 August 2024, 124219 

Abstract 

Atmospheric pollution is a major public health issue and has become increasingly critical for human health. Urban atmospheric pollution is typically assessed through physicochemical indicators aligned with environmental legislation parameters, providing data on air quality levels. While the effects of pollution on sensitive organisms serve as a warning for public health decision-makers, there remains a need to explore the interpretation of environmental data on pollutants. The use of species adapted to urban environments as sentinels enables continuous and integrated monitoring of environmental pollution implications on biological systems. In this study, we investigated the use of the plant species Tradescantia pallida as a biomonitor to evaluate the genotoxic effects of atmospheric pollution under diverse vehicular traffic conditions. T. pallida was strategically planted at the leading urban intersections in Uberlândia, Brazil. During COVID-19 pandemic lockdowns, we compared indicators such as physical, biological, and traffic data at different intersections in residential and commercial zones. The reduction in vehicular traffic highlighted the sensitivity of plant species to changes in air and soil pollutants. T. pallida showed bioaccumulation of heavy metals Cd and Cr in monitored areas with higher traffic levels. Additionally, we established a multiple linear regression model to estimate genotoxicity using the micronucleus test, with chromium concentration in the soil (X1) and particulate matter (PM) in the atmosphere (X2) identified as the primary independent variables. Our findings provide a comprehensive portrait of the impact of vehicular traffic changes on PM and offer valuable insights for refining parameters and models of Environmental Health Surveillance.

Journal of Cleaner Production, Volume 467, 15 August 2024, 142885 

Abstract 

Electric vehicles (EVs) feature prominently in the United States' efforts to decarbonize the light-duty vehicle fleet and mitigate climate change. To spur EV adoption, public policy offers procurement incentives for individuals willing to purchase an EV instead of an internal combustion engine vehicle (ICEV). How cost-effective are such policies? To what extent does their efficiency vary across states? We address these questions using state-level data on projected electric grid carbon intensity and fuel prices, as well as models of vehicle utilization. Our approach focuses on comparable vehicle models that enable us to jointly estimate the lifecycle emissions and total cost of ownership (TCO) associated with ICEVs, hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), and EVs. Our findings are fourfold. First, although EVs offer the largest emissions benefit relative to ICEVs, there exists significant state-level heterogeneity. Compared to HEVs' emissions advantage of 20.54 tons of CO2e, EVs' emissions advantage ranges from 10.18 to 58.83 tons of CO2e across states. Second, HEVs offer a more favorable cost-to-emissions advantage nationwide, with an average cost of $59/ton CO2e reduced compared to $192/ton CO2e reduced via EVs. Third, state-level variation in fuel prices and grid carbon intensity enable HEVs to offer emissions reductions at a minimum cost of $3/ton CO2e reduced, while EVs' minimum cost is $76/ton CO2e reduced. Fourth, envisioned grid decarbonization efforts are insufficient for EVs to deliver economically efficient cost-to-emissions advantages due to EVs' relatively high TCO. If EVs produced zero emissions in totality, realizing cost-effective emissions reductions would still necessitate lowering their TCO by an average of at least $3200. We conclude that favorable abatement cost realization necessitates better targeting of procurement incentives at both the federal and state level. We demonstrate that this outcome can be achieved by incentivizing the adoption of HEVs and high-utilization EVs in the short run and by improving EVs’ cost and continuing to invest in EV battery longevity in the long run.

Geoforum, Volume 154, August 2024, 104069 

Abstract 

Just transitions – responses to environmental change that minimise negative impacts on the most affected people and places, while ensuring nobody is left behind – are gaining scholarly and policy significance in areas beyond their original focus on carbon-intensive jobs and sectors. Yet attention to what a just transition means for biodiversity, as another aspect of the global environmental crisis, remains limited. Given the critical role that biodiversity plays in supporting livelihoods and wellbeing, this is a notable gap. This paper assesses what a just transition means for biodiversity, focusing on urban environments as the spaces in which many people encounter biodiversity globally. We undertake interview research across three case study cities representing different geopolitical and environmental contexts: Bristol (UK); Yubari (Japan); and Cape Town (South Africa) and ask two questions: what does biodiversity tell us about the concept of just transitions in the lived environment; and what are the consequences of considering just transitions in the context of biodiversity in the lived urban environment? Based on our findings, we set out six principles for a just transition in relation to urban biodiversity, as areas for further empirical enquiry: a shared sense of what a just transition and biodiversity mean in the local context; diverse social and ecological knowledge systems informing decision-making; integration and cohesion across policies; inclusive, meaningful and early engagement; supporting communities during and after implementation; and measures for assessing the effectiveness of outcomes from an ecological and a social perspective.

Journal of Cleaner Production, Volume 467, 15 August 2024, 142808 

Abstract 

The urbanization mode plays a crucial role in urban energy transformation and greenhouse gas emissions. However, the existing research on how government-driven urbanization (GDU) influences urban carbon emissions is relatively insufficient. By combining satellite imagery data and socio-economic data between 1999 and 2021, this research exploits China's city-county mergers (CCM) as a quasi-experiment trial to investigate the impact of GDU on carbon emissions based on the staggered difference-in-differences (DID) approach. This study indicates that GDU results in a 1.8% decrease in carbon emission intensity. The mechanism analysis shows that GDU reduces carbon emission intensity through population agglomeration, intensive land use, and industrial structure adjustment. Heterogeneity analysis shows that GDU's policy effect is influenced by the county's geographical location and socio-economic characteristics. The reform influence is more compelling in counties located on the administrative boundary, with less financial pressure or a better industrial foundation. In the future, policymakers need to nudge for urbanization appropriately according to specific scenarios and promote urban energy transition and carbon reduction.

Cities, Volume 151, August 2024, 105125

Abstract

South Korea has experienced rapid industrialization and urbanization over the past half-century. While unbalanced population concentrations were already problematic, urban areas in South Korea continued to expand, causing several adjacent cities to merge into continuous urban regions. Previous studies have found that rapid urban expansion and sprawl often increase regional disparities. There have been many attempts to measure the degree of sprawl worldwide. However, studies investigating the effects of sprawl on regional disparities and quality of life in emerging Asian countries remain underdeveloped. This study measures urban sprawl in South Korea using remote sensing techniques and analyzes the impacts of sprawl on regional disparities and residents' quality of life using a structural equation model (SEM). The results show that urban sprawl in South Korea has adverse effects on economic and social disparities, with increased income disparity and reduced access to public services. However, despite these disparities, residents in high-sprawl areas report higher overall life satisfaction due to increased satisfaction with the natural and living environments.

Journal of Cleaner Production, Volume 468, 25 August 2024, 142977

Abstract

Investments in carbon emission reduction and deterioration reduction are important aspects for the firms to construct a low-carbon supply chain systems of deteriorating products with the increasing preferences of customers for environmentally friendly and fresh products. In this study we develop a two-echelon supply chain system consists of one manufacturer and one retailer. The manufacturer implements dual carbon emission reduction technology to strengthen the carbon emission reduction efficiency under cap-and-trade regulation and both manufacturer and the retailer invest in deterioration reduction technology to reduce the deterioration and increase the stock level of the fresh items. To increase the demand, the retailer takes the responsibility of promoting the low-carbon and fresh products among the customers. Deterioration reduction technology spills over from the manufacturer to the retailer. Then a differential game model is formulated and the equilibrium strategies are analysed by Stackelberg differential game approach in long term scenario. Numerical analysis has been done to analyse the theoretical results more rigorously by MATLAB software and sensitivity of some major parameters on the demand and profits of the manufacturer and the retailer have also been done to obtain some managerial insights. The impacts of implementing dual carbon emissions reduction technology and the effects technology spillovers are discussed. The results show that when the manufacturer invests in dual carbon emission reduction technology over single reduction technology, it increases the emission reduction level and hence the environmental performance and also the demand and hence economic profits of the both the supply chain members. If the deterioration reduction technology spills over from the manufacturer to retailer, it increases the profit of the manufacturer but the retailer will be beneficial when his/her marginal profit will be high. In addition, we have incorporated government subsidy on manufacturer's emission reduction investment and a cost-sharing contract on the promotional effort of the retailer in our work and then found that joint impacts of them on the supply chain system. We have shown that these two incentives provide the pareto improved solution for the supply chain system and take the supply chain members to a win-win situation as economically and environmentally. The discussions of the results of this study can be beneficial for the industries which produced deteriorating products and emits high carbon during the production process in terms of taking optimal decisions. It also gives a lesson to the government how to inspired the practitioners towards developing a sustainable system.

Environmental Pollution, Volume 355, 15 August 2024, 124192

Abstract

The issue of atmospheric microplastic (AMP) contamination is gaining increasing attention, yet the influencing factors and human exposure are not well-understood. In this study, atmospheric depositions were collected in the megacity of Chengdu, China, to investigate the pollution status and spatial disparities in AMP distribution. The relationship between AMP abundance and underlying surface types was then analyzed with the aid of back trajectory simulation. Additionally, a probabilistic estimation of human exposure to AMP deposition during outdoor picnics was provided, followed by the calculation of AMP loading into rivers. Results revealed that the mean deposition flux ranged within 207.1–364.0 N/m2/d (14.17–33.75 μg/m2/d), with significantly larger AMP abundance and sizes in urban compared to rural areas. Areas of compact buildings played an important role in contributing to both fibrous and non-fibrous AMP contamination from urban to rural areas, providing new insight into potential sources of pollution. This suggests that appropriate plastic waste disposal in compact building areas should be prioritized for controlling AMP pollution. Besides, the median ingestion of deposited AMPs during a single picnic was 34.9 N/capita/hour (3.03 × 10−3 μg/capita/hour) for urban areas and 17.8 N/capita/hour (7.74 × 10−4 μg/capita/hour) for suburbs. Furthermore, the worst-case scenario of AMPs loading into rivers was investigated, which could reach 170.7 kg in summertime Chengdu. This work could contribute to a better understanding of the status of AMP pollution and its sources, as well as the potential human exposure risk.

Sustainable Cities and Society, Volume 108, 1 August 2024, 105447

Abstract

Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 11 aims to promote a more livable urban environment for humanity. However, the rapid global urbanization process has exerted significant pressure on urban environment, posing challenges for many cities to achieve this target. The urbanization process within urban agglomeration is accompanied by rapid and diverse land use change. Exploring the relationship between land use change and environmental factors is crucial for achieving sustainable urban development. To address this issue, this study investigates the interactive relationship between pixel-scale land use change and environmental indicators (CO2, Land Surface Temperature, and PM2.5) in China's three major urban agglomerations from 2000 to 2020. This study aims to analyze major land use change patterns, explore intrinsic connections among environmental indicators, and assess the impact of land use change on these indicators. The findings show that cropland, forestland, and built-up land are the major types of land change in all three urban agglomerations. Regions characterized by high population density, heavy industry, and intense transportation exhibit more pollutant emissions. Rapid urban construction has resulted in different types of environmental degradation issues. This study provides a comprehensive examination of the relationship between urbanization and environmental issues.

Cities, Volume 151, August 2024, 105163

Abstract

This paper explores the Lifestyle for Environment (LiFE) initiative, a pioneering approach initiated by India to propel sustainable urban development through targeted behavioural change. Positioned at the nexus of individual action and urban sustainability, LiFE underscores the potential of integrating lifestyle adjustments into the broader urban planning and policy-making framework. By examining the initiative's evolution from a grassroots movement to a key element of government policy, this paper highlights its innovative strategies aimed at promoting eco-friendly living and its significant impact on urban environments. Through case studies and an analysis of the initiative's alignment with global sustainability goals, we reveal how LiFE complements existing urban agendas by focusing on the micro-level actions of individuals and communities. This paper contributes to the discourse on sustainable urbanization by showcasing the critical role of behavioural change in achieving urban sustainability goals, thereby offering insights into the formulation of more holistic and effective urban policies. Significantly the paper articulates how LiFE's principles, through enhancing global policies and harnessing the power of technological advancements within the Smart Cities agenda, herald a new paradigm in urban sustainability efforts.

INDUSTRIAL AREA ENVIRONMENT / MÔI TRƯỜNG KHU CÔNG NGHIỆP  

Environmental Pollution, Volume 355, 15 August 2024, 124182 

Abstract 

The treatment of textile wastewater containing harmful metal ions poses a significant challenge in industrial applications due to its environmental impact. In this study, the use of sulfite for treating simulated dye wastewater containing New Coccine (NC) and Cr(VI) was investigated. The removal of NC was influenced by the redox reaction between Cr(VI) and sulfite, demonstrating a strong self-boosting effect of Cr(VI) on NC removal. Remarkable NC decoloration (95%) and Cr(VI) reduction (90%) were achieved within 1 min, highlighting the effectiveness of the treatment. Quenching experiments and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) technology confirmed that singlet oxygen (1O2) was the main oxidative agent for organic dye removal and SO4•−, •OH and Cr(V) were also identified as key contributors to NC degradation. The Cr(VI)/sulfite system exhibited higher efficiency in degrading azo dyes, such as NC and Congo Red (CR), compared to non-azo dyes like Methylene Blue (MB). This superiority may be attributed to the action of Cr(V) on azo groups. Additionally, the COD removal experiments were conducted on the actual dye wastewater, showing the excellent performance of the Cr(VI)/Sulfite system in treating industrial textile wastewater. This approach presents a promising strategy for effective "waste control by waste”, offering great potential for addressing challenges related to dye wastewater treatment and environmental pollution control in practical industrial scenarios.

Journal of Cleaner Production, Volume 466, 10 August 2024, 142872 

Abstract 

The rapid expansion of the dye industry has led to severe environmental pollution. The lack of real-time direct determination methods for dye intermediates is a key factor in high pollution emissions and low product quality in the continuous synthesis of dyes. This study proposes an accessible, fast, and precise approach for the clean and direct determination of 3-(N,N-Diethylamino)acetanilide (DEAA), a dye intermediate used in the synthesis of the azo dye Disperse Violet 93:1. For precise DEAA quantification, we developed a multi-pathlength and multi-wavelength coupled differential photometric approach based on the absorption spectra characteristics of DEAA at various concentrations and optical pathlengths. A relatively stable analytical sensitivity (0.5671–66.2630) and a large concentration range of 0.01–11% were obtained. Compared to the traditional single-optical pathlength and single-wavelength quantification, this new method possessed 119 times higher sensitivity. The maximum quantitative relative error decreased from 9.17% to 2.44%. The orbital contribution and distinctive peak electronic excitation mechanism of DEAA were uncovered using TD-DFT. By comparing the oscillator strength and peak position variations between the target DEAA and coexisting sulfuric acid, the unique spectral behavior of DEAA, such as its high sensitivity and selectivity, was explained. In addition to providing a reference for real-time industrial dye and intermediate monitoring, this study lays the methodological groundwork for future research. In light of the new method's short time consumption and non-secondary pollution benefits, we further believe it will be crucial in controlling the industrial synthesis process in order to improve product quality, resource conversion efficiency, and effectively prevent excessive pollution generation.

Finance Research Letters, Volume 66, August 2024, 105685 

Abstract 

We investigate the impact of digital transformation on green innovation based on the data from listed companies in heavily polluting industries in China from 2010 to 2020. Our findings reveal that under the joint action of crowding-out and synergistic effects, digital transformation has a U-shaped impact on green innovation. The results withstand multiple robustness checks. The heterogeneity test shows that the digital transformation of companies in the mature stage can better promote green innovation. Our results supplement the literature on digital transformation and green innovation, and provide theoretical implications for corporate sustainability.

Journal of Cleaner Production, Volume 467, 15 August 2024, 142945 

Abstract 

The green transformation strategy is critical for achieving the emission mitigation targets in China's cement study. However, previous studies have focused on the nationwide industry level and overlooked the significant differences in the cement plants, remaining the risk of difficulties in implementing the proposed strategy. To overcome this problem, this study proposes a framework for plant-level green transformation strategy based on the industry-level emission mitigation pathway and a plant-level cement database. The strategy indicates the cement plants that need to be shut down, be retrofitted, and promote technologies. Results show that 1005 clinker and 3706 cement production plants should be shut down or retrofitted, while 60%+ of the plants should take denitrification and dust removal technologies in 2019–2035. The plant-level strategy can achieve energy conservation and CO2, SO2, NOx, and PM reductions by 40.0–79.9%, demonstrating the existence of the co-benefits. As only 4.1%–25.0% of the plants contribute half of the energy conservation and emission reduction effects, the plant-level strategy leads to significant spatial heterogeneity of the co-benefits. For example, the energy conservation and emission reduction potential in the five largest cement producer cities varies from over 30%. In addition, the total fixed investment is 99.6 billion Chinese Yuan (CNY) and the highest cost is 12.8 billion CNY/a, which will not cause heavy economic burdens to the industry. This study bridges the industrial-level planning and plant-level implementation of the green transformation strategy, whose methodology supports the synergic energy conservation and emission reduction in China's cement industry and beyond.

Environmental Technology & Innovation, Volume 35, August 2024, 103651 

Abstract 

In semi-arid context, the development of anthroposol from phosphate industry by-products and sewage sludge could be a new approach for sustainable phosphate mining soils. The objective of this 2 years field study carried out at Benguerir phosphate mine, was to evaluate nutrients and heavy metals dynamics in the soil-plant system of three species planted on anthroposol consisting of a mixture of 65% phosphogypsum (PG), 30% phosphate sludge (PS), and 5% sewage sludge (SS). The experimental layout was a randomized complete block design with six replicates and three species: argan, olive, and carob. No fertilizer was applied to the different plots. Heights and diameters of the different species were measured. Species were pruned, and leaves and stems were separated. The nutrients (N, P, K, Ca, and Mg) and heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Cr, Pb, Ni and Zn) contents in both soil and plant part were determined. The results of the Pearson correlation showed significant correlations between height and diameter of the different species. The strongest correlation was observed for the argan tree. Furthermore, nutrient contents in the rhizosphere of species were significantly reduced, excepted Ca. Also, nutrient contents in leaves were significantly higher than those in the stems. In addition, the concentration of heavy metals in argan, olive and carob leaves, were below international standards. In semi-arid contexts, argan tree could be the best candidate for revegetating mining sites and this anthroposol (65% PG – 30% PS – 5% SS) could be a new approach to rehabilitate mining site on large scale.

Journal of Cleaner Production, Volume 467, 15 August 2024, 142869

Abstract

A low-carbon multi-functional cement substitute material has been developed to reduce electromagnetic pollution in building spaces and protect human health. The solid waste electromagnetic absorption cementitious material (SWEACM) is produced by combining steel slag (SS), blast furnace slag (BFS), and phosphogypsum (PG). In this study, the properties of SWEACM were analyzed, including flow, electromagnetic wave absorption, strength, and environmental properties. Additionally, the hydration and electromagnetic wave absorption mechanisms were examined. The results indicate that SS, BFS, and PG content significantly affect the strength and electromagnetic wave absorption properties of SWEACM. S-6 exhibits the best overall performance (SS: BFS: PG = 3:6:1), with the highest strength (28 days compressive strength = 33.5 MPa) and fluidity (19.1 cm). Furthermore, it has excellent electromagnetic absorption performance (RLmin = −45.4 dB), with an adequate absorption bandwidth of up to 10 GHz in the 2–18 GHz range. The excellent electromagnetic wave absorption capability of SWEACM is mainly due to the resonance, polarization relaxation loss, and conduction loss of the magnetic and conductive components in the material. The results show that SWEACM can be used as a multi-functional construction engineering material for electromagnetic protection, combining high levels of high electromagnetic wave absorption, strength performance, and environmental benefits.

Separation and Purification Technology, Volume 341, 9 August 2024, 126879 

Abstract

The utilization of hydrofluoric acid in the photovoltaic (PV) industry results in the generation of substantial volumes of acidic fluoride-containing wastewater, emphasizing the significance of wastewater treatment and the reclamation of fluorine resources. In this study, a pilot test was conducted on acidic fluoride-containing wastewater from a PV cell manufacturer in Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province, China, employing a combined process system integrating chemical crystallization circulating pellet fluidized bed (CrystPFB) and high-efficiency solid-liquid separation pellet fluidized bed (SepPFB). The pilot test outcomes indicate that utilizing CaF2 as a seed crystal and employing a joint addition of Ca(OH)2 and CaCl2 at a combined dosage of 2,300–3,700 mg/L, under conditions of influent fluoride concentration ranging from 800–3000 mg/L and a pH range of 2.23–3.20, reduces fluoride levels in the effluent to 20–30 mg/L. The combined process system achieves a turbidity in the effluent below 5 NTU, a fluoride recovery efficiency of 45–63 %, and an operational cost ranging from 1.68 to 2.46 RMB/m3. The physical analysis of the reclaimed crystalline calcium fluoride particles reveals a dominance of CaF2 on the particle surface, with a purity exceeding 90 %. This study provides essential data supporting the application of the CrystPFB + SepPFB combined process system for treating acidic fluoride-containing wastewater and recovering calcium fluoride in the PV industry, establishing a groundwork for subsequent projects.

Journal of Cleaner Production, Volume 468, 25 August 2024, 143059 

Abstract

As the worldwide need for mineral resources continues to grow, there is an increasing emphasis on mitigation of the environmental consequences of the mining sector, necessitating a shift towards sustainable and green mining practices. This paradigm requires the meticulous integration of environmental considerations throughout all stages of planning and operation in open-pit mining. Therefore, this research introduces an innovative integrated framework for long-term mine planning, strategically combining economic and environmental considerations in open-pit mining operations. The methodology integrates carbon pricing into the decision-making process, addressing potential financial risks and introducing two distinct scenarios: one focused on minimizing environmental costs and the other on maximizing adjusted Net Present Value (NPV). The application of this integrated framework to an open-pit iron mine in the Middle East region yielded insightful results. The integrated framework's impact on block sequencing, greenhouse gas emissions, and financial outcomes was assessed, highlighting the divergent strategies employed in the two scenarios. The minimization scenario demonstrated it was feasible to attain 90.54% of the global warming impact and 90.48% of environmental costs while achieving 96.25% of the adjusted NPV compared to the maximization scenario. Sensitivity analyses further underscored the adaptability of the framework to varying carbon pricing scenarios. This research validates a sustainable approach to mine planning, emphasizing a balance between economic returns and ecological responsibility, and provides valuable insights for decision-makers in the mining industry.

International Journal of Food Microbiology, Volume 421, 16 August 2024, 110779 

Abstract

Airborne microorganisms in food processing environments pose a potential risk for food product contamination. Yet, the absence of established standards or guidelines setting quantitative limits on airborne microorganisms underscores a critical gap in current regulatory frameworks. This review seeks to explore the feasibility of establishing quantitative limits for airborne microorganisms in food processing facilities, aiming to provide evidence-based guidance to enhance food safety practices in the industry. The review begins by addressing the complexities of microbial air quality in the food industry through a general literature search covering sources of airborne microorganisms, factors affecting particle deposition, air sampling methods and preventive measures. Subsequently, it employs a structured approach to assess the significance of air quality and its impact on product quality. Utilizing the PRISMA method, relevant scientific literature from May 2002 to May 2022 was examined, resulting in 26 articles meeting inclusion criteria from a pool of 11,737 original research papers. Additionally, the review investigates existing probability models for assessing airborne contamination to enhance air quality risk assessment in food safety management systems. The literature reveals a lack of substantial evidence supporting a direct correlation between airborne microorganisms and food contamination. The absence of standardized air sampling methodologies in previous studies hinders the comparability and reliability of research findings. Additionally, the literature fails to establish a conclusive relationship between influencing factors such as total particle counts, temperature, relative humidity and airborne contamination. Contradictory probability models for quantifying airborne contamination, and the absence of tailored preventive measures, hinder effective control and undermine microbial contamination control in diverse food processing contexts. In conclusion, the development of numeric guidelines for airborne contamination necessitates a tailored approach, considering factors such as product characteristics and production context. By integrating risk assessment models into this process, a more thorough comprehension of contamination risks can be achieved, providing tailored guidance based on the identified risk levels for each product. Ongoing collaborative efforts are essential to develop evidence-based guidelines that effectively mitigate risks without incurring unnecessary costs.

Journal of Cleaner Production, Available online 23 August 2024, 143460 

Abstract

In response to heightened pressures from regulatory mandates, global competition, and evolving customer expectations, industries worldwide are compelled to prioritize environmental initiatives, often at the expense of economic considerations. The research gap addressed in this study is the lack of a comprehensive, data-driven optimization model for effectively mitigating sustainable supply chain adoption challenges specific to the Bangladeshi Readymade Garments (RMG) industry. While previous studies often relied on single techniques, this research proposes a novel AHP integrated QFD-based MILP optimization model. This innovative approach empowers Bangladeshi RMG industries to make data-driven decisions for prioritizing sustainability challenges and selecting cost-effective mitigation strategies to promote the integration of sustainability initiatives within the sector. The study identifies and prioritizes 25 sustainable supply chain management adoption challenges and proposes 16 mitigation strategies. The model emphasizes the critical interplay between sustainability performance and implementation costs, achieving a sustainability performance score of 0.4511 while effectively implementing 12 out of 16 strategies within the expected budget. The optimal solution incorporates green strategies, technology integration, and aspects of Industry 5.0, demonstrating a holistic approach to sustainable supply chain management. The findings are crucial for Bangladeshi RMG industries aiming for global market competitiveness and contribute significantly to the academic field by introducing a robust, data-driven decisions for sustainable supply chain optimization. The implications extend beyond the RMG sector, offering a replicable model for other industries and regions facing similar sustainability challenges.

Energy, Available online 23 August 2024, 132953

Abstract

The pharmaceutical industry’s historical extensive pollution emissions have caused severe environmental issues. In the context of the evolving intelligent age, it is urgent to investigate the potential of intelligent manufacturing in improving the environmental performance of the pharmaceutical industry. Our study employs panel data from 110 publicly listed pharmaceutical enterprises covering the period from 2012 to 2020 to assess the impact of intelligent manufacturing on the environmental performance of the pharmaceutical sector. The results reveal a substantial positive effect of intelligent manufacturing on the environmental performance of these enterprises. Additionally, we identify three primary mechanisms for this enhancement: supply chain optimization, the emergence of technological innovations, and structural optimization. A notable observation is that enterprises not certified in environmental management systems or operating within highly competitive markets exhibit a greater potential for enhancing their environmental performance. Drawing upon these insights, our study proposes detailed policy recommendations to leverage intelligent manufacturing for the sustainable progression of the pharmaceutical industry.

Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Volume 205, August 2024, 123372 

Abstract

Improving the level of regional green development is an important means to assist China's high-quality economic development. Based on provincial panel data from 2011 to 2021, this paper uses fixed effect model and spatial Durbin model to test the impact and spatial effect of high-tech industrial agglomeration (HIA) and regional green development (RGD). Research has found that: (1) China's overall RGD level is relatively high, presenting a spatial pattern of "central region>eastern region>western region”. (2) HIA and RGD have a significant spatial correlation, exhibiting a "high high” or "low low” spatial clustering feature. HIA has a promoting effect on RGD in both the province and surrounding provinces, with a significant positive spatial spillover effect. (3) HIA significantly improved the RGD levels in the eastern and central regions, but played a hindering role in the western regions. (4) The impact of HIA on RGD varies in different stages of development. The two stages of HIA have significantly promoted the improvement of RGD levels in both the province and surrounding provinces, and the "2016–2021” stage has a stronger promoting effect than the "2011–2015” stage. Finally, based on the research, this article proposes some relevant policy recommendations.

Chemical Engineering Journal, Volume 494, 15 August 2024, 153117 

Abstract 

In this study, from the feasibility verification of the lab-scale test to the working condition study of the pilot-scale test the large-scale engineering application of the display manufacturing industry wastewater advanced treatment by ozonation with iron (Fe)-based monolithic catalyst packing was finally realized. Different from chemical packings, the catalyst packing has large porosity and specific surface area, while the pore size is small, which meets the requirements of •OH reaction, and these characteristics are necessary for engineering applications. Under the three scales, the reaction procedure and the corresponding reactor structure were introduced in detail. The importance of gas–liquid flow patterns and gas distribution device on treatment effect were proved in pilot-scale test. The treatment effect under gas–liquid counter-current flow was better than that of co-current flow. Through the analysis of the working conditions, the working parameters for high wastewater quantity and high organic loading were obtained. The large-scale test achieved the same excellent treatment effect as the lab/pilot-scale test, after 5 years of operation, the average chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal was about 72.0 %, and the COD concentrations after treatment were all lower than 30 mg/L. The biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) decreased from 10.22 to 2.50 mg/L on average. Under the short-circuiting phenomenon, the wastewater through the catalyst area unevenly and the organic pollutants were not effectively oxidized and decomposed. This also proved the importance of Fe-based monolithic catalyst packing in advanced treatment. This work proved the importance of gas–liquid flow patterns and wastewater flow regimes in the reactor, which can provide reference for other catalytic ozonation technology in large-scale engineering applications.

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Volume 80, 28 August 2024, Pages 406-417 

Abstract

Cement industry, due to the decomposition of CaCO3 and the production of clinker, emits large amounts of CO2 into the atmosphere. This anthropogenic gas can be captured and through its synthesis with green hydrogen, methanol and finally synthetic fuels are achieved. By using e-fuel, Europe's climate neutrality objectives could be achieved. However, the energy transition still lacks a clear roadmap, and decisions are strongly affected by the geopolitical situation, the energy demand and the economy. Therefore, different scenarios are analysed to assess the influence of key factors on the overall economic viability of the process: 1) A business-as-usual scenario, EU perspectives 2) allowing e-fuels and 3) improving H2 production processes. The technical feasibility of the production of synthetic fuels is verified. The most optimistic projections indicate future production costs of synthetic fuels will be lower than those of fossil fuels. This is directly related to the cost of green hydrogen production.

Research in International Business and Finance, Volume 71, August 2024, 102490

Abstract

We examine the relationship between corporate misconduct and pharmaceutical firm innovation and performance. Pharmaceutical firms obtain significantly fewer new product approvals by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) following corporate regulatory violations, lawsuits, and Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) regulatory enforcement actions. We also examine the potential reasons why innovative capacity is reduced for culpable firms. Following instances of misconduct, pharmaceutical firms are 50 percent less likely to engage in business expansions, engage in significantly fewer new strategic alliances and partnerships, and are awarded fewer government R&D grants. We attribute these results to the reputational loss associated with public knowledge of corporate misconduct. In support of this hypothesis, we find pharmaceutical firms experience negative cumulative abnormal stock returns (CARs) surrounding SEC enforcement announcements, and misconduct incidents increase the probability of analyst concerns. Overall, our results are consistent with the reputational loss associated with corporate misconduct being an important factor in future reductions in pharmaceutical firm innovative capacity.

Journal of Cleaner Production, Volume 467, 15 August 2024, 142997 

Abstract

As the world's largest producer and consumer of aluminum, China's aluminum industry is facing enormous pressure for energy conservation and emission reduction due to its traditional high energy consumption, high emissions, and high pollution. To explore the green and low-carbon development path of the aluminum industry, an integrated modelling framework was developed, including aluminum production forecasting and scrap recycling model, energy consumption-carbon emission-air pollutant emission model, and conservation supply curve method. Five different scenarios were set up to evaluate the energy saving and emission reduction potential of Henan Province from 2023 to 2050, by adopting four measures of accelerating the recycled aluminum, promoting energy efficiency technologies, expanding the scale of electrolytic cells, and increasing the share of renewable energy. The results showed that the production of alumina and primary aluminum decreased to 9.6 and 1.8 Mt respectively in 2050, while the future production of aluminum processing products and recycled aluminum showed a continuous upward trend. By 2050, production of recycled aluminum will increase to 14.0 Mt, expanding by about 5.7 times compared to 2022. The energy-saving and emission reduction potential of the integrated scenario is the most significant, with energy consumption, CO2, SO2, NOX, PM10, PM2.5 and fluoride decreased by 54.3, 73.0, 96.5, 72.7, 82.6, 82.6, and 98.9% compared to the business-as-usual scenario, respectively. The results also indicated that accelerating the recycled aluminum and optimizing energy structure are more effective for mitigation. Finally, policy suggestions for mitigating energy consumption and pollutant emissions of the aluminum industry in Henan Province were proposed. The systematic framework of this study can be widely applicable to other provinces and the whole country, which can provide some references for the aluminum industry to achieve the carbon peak and carbon neutrality targets.